{"id":22271,"date":"2022-12-02T08:10:56","date_gmt":"2022-12-02T08:10:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/4-typy-fip-kocek-mokra-fip-sucha-fip-ocni-fip-a-neurologicka-fip\/"},"modified":"2025-02-25T06:48:29","modified_gmt":"2025-02-25T06:48:29","slug":"4-typy-fip-kocek-mokra-fip-sucha-fip-ocni-fip-a-neurologicka-fip","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/4-typy-fip-kocek-mokra-fip-sucha-fip-ocni-fip-a-neurologicka-fip\/","title":{"rendered":"4 typy FIP ko\u010dek: mokr\u00e1 FIP, such\u00e1 FIP, o\u010dn\u00ed FIP a neurologick\u00e1 FIP"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ko\u010di\u010d\u00ed infek\u010dn\u00ed peritonitida (FIP) je \u010dast\u00e9 a smrteln\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ko\u010dek.
\nNejen, \u017ee m\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e jednu variantu a m\u016f\u017ee ko\u010dku postihnout r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby.
\nV tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku si pov\u00edme o r\u016fzn\u00fdch typech FIP, kter\u00e9 se mohou projevit.<\/p>\n

Typy FIP ko\u010dek<\/strong><\/h2>\n

FIP se m\u016f\u017ee projevovat t\u0159emi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby: vlhkou, efuzivn\u00ed, exsudativn\u00ed formou, suchou, granulomat\u00f3zn\u00ed, parenchymat\u00f3zn\u00ed, neefuzivn\u00ed formou a sm\u00ed\u0161enou formou.
\nPro prvn\u00ed typ je charakteristick\u00e1 fibrin\u00f3zn\u00ed peritonitida, pleuritida nebo perikarditida s v\u00fdpotky v b\u0159i\u0161e, hrudn\u00edku a\/nebo perikardu.
\nU druh\u00e9 varianty, kter\u00e1 postr\u00e1d\u00e1 zjevn\u00e9 v\u00fdpotky, se v CNS a dal\u0161\u00edch org\u00e1nech v\u010detn\u011b o\u010d\u00ed vyskytuj\u00ed granulomat\u00f3zn\u00ed zm\u011bny.
\nVzhledem k tomu, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 ko\u010dka s FIP vykazuje v\u00fdpotek v r\u016fzn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e spolu s v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b granulomat\u00f3zn\u00edmi zm\u011bnami org\u00e1n\u016f, bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi t\u011bmito druhy nen\u00ed u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 (a je p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e9 pouze pro diagnostickou metodu).
\nJednotliv\u00e9 formy mohou tak\u00e9 p\u0159ech\u00e1zet jedna v druhou.
\nFIP tak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed ko\u010dky v ur\u010dit\u00e9m okam\u017eiku jednodu\u0161e v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b produktivn\u00ed nebo exsudativn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Rozd\u00edly mezi suchou a mokrou technologi\u00ed FIP<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Neefektivn\u00ed „such\u00e1“ FIP<\/strong> U n\u011bkter\u00fdch ko\u010dkovit\u00fdch \u0161elem doch\u00e1z\u00ed k mal\u00e9mu nebo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu nahromad\u011bn\u00ed tekutin p\u0159i „such\u00e9“ nebo neefektivn\u00ed FIP.
\nU such\u00e9 formy jsou o\u010di, mozek, j\u00e1tra, st\u0159eva nebo jin\u00e9 t\u011blesn\u00e9 org\u00e1ny \u010dasto siln\u011b zan\u00edcen\u00e9, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit \u0159adu klinick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f.
\nU mnoha ko\u010dek s neefektivn\u00ed formou FIP jsou o\u010dn\u00ed probl\u00e9my jedin\u00fdm klinick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edznakem.
\nKdy\u017e onemocn\u011bn\u00ed propukne, v\u011bt\u0161ina posti\u017een\u00fdch se rychle zhor\u0161\u00ed, ale n\u011bkter\u00e9 ko\u010dky mohou n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f norm\u00e1ln\u011b fungovat.
\nBohu\u017eel t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad onemocn\u011bn\u00ed skon\u010d\u00ed smrt\u00ed.
\nPouze mal\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st ko\u010dek vystaven\u00fdch ko\u010di\u010d\u00edmu koronaviru, a to i t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed potenci\u00e1l vyvolat FIP<\/a>, je schopna se proti n\u011bmu br\u00e1nit, co\u017e vede ke klinick\u00e9mu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed u v\u011bt\u0161iny infikovan\u00fdch ko\u010dek.
\nJak v\u0161ak ji\u017e bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno, ty, kter\u00e9 onemocn\u00ed, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy zem\u0159ou. Efuzivn\u00ed „mokr\u00e1“ FIP<\/strong> Hromad\u011bn\u00ed tekutiny v hrudn\u00edku nebo b\u0159i\u0161e, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee zt\u011b\u017eovat d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed, je charakteristick\u00fdm klinick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edznakem efuzivn\u00ed FIP.
\nDal\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edznaky jsou nechutenstv\u00ed, hore\u010dka, hubnut\u00ed, \u017eloutenka a pr\u016fjem.<\/p>\n

DIAGNOSTIKA MOKR\u00c9HO A SUCH\u00c9HO FIPU <\/strong><\/h2>\n

Diagnostika efuzivn\u00ed FIP<\/strong> Efuzivn\u00ed typ onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je nyn\u00ed snadn\u011bji diagnostikovateln\u00fd ne\u017e d\u0159\u00edve.
\nEfuzivn\u00ed FIP lze diagnostikovat, pokud se ve vzorku v\u00fdpotku (tekutiny odt\u00e9kaj\u00edc\u00ed z t\u011bla) najde virov\u00e1 RNA, nap\u0159\u00edklad pomoc\u00ed reverzn\u00ed transkrip\u010dn\u00ed polymer\u00e1zov\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzov\u00e9 reakce (RT-PCR).
\nTo v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduje zasl\u00e1n\u00ed vzorku do extern\u00ed veterin\u00e1rn\u00ed laborato\u0159e.
\nN\u011bkolik diagnostick\u00fdch metod, kter\u00e9 jsou k dispozici ve veterin\u00e1rn\u00ed nemocnici, m\u016f\u017ee rychle vylou\u010dit diagn\u00f3zu FIP, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Zkontrolujte celkov\u00fd obsah b\u00edlkovin ve v\u00fdpotku; pokud je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 35 g\/l, je FIP velmi nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1.<\/li>\n
  2. Stanovte pom\u011br albuminu a globulinu ve v\u00fdpotku; pokud je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,8, je FIP vylou\u010dena; pokud je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,4, je FIP potenci\u00e1ln\u011b diagnostikovateln\u00fd, ale nejist\u00fd stav.<\/li>\n
  3. Zkontrolujte bu\u0148ky ve v\u00fdpotku; pokud v\u011bt\u0161inu z nich tvo\u0159\u00ed lymfocyty (typ b\u00edl\u00fdch krvinek), je diagn\u00f3za FIP vylou\u010dena.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Diagnostika neefuzivn\u00ed FIP<\/strong> Proto\u017ee klinick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky neefuzivn\u00ed FIP b\u00fdvaj\u00ed nejednozna\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a variabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u efuzivn\u00ed FIP, je seznam diferenci\u00e1ln\u00edch diagn\u00f3z podstatn\u011b del\u0161\u00ed. Pokud jsou spln\u011bny n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed podm\u00ednky, m\u011bla by b\u00fdt zv\u00e1\u017eena diagn\u00f3za neefuzivn\u00ed FIP.:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Souvislosti: Ko\u010dka je mlad\u00e1 (do 2 let v\u011bku) a \u010distokrevn\u00e1; t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 70 % p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f FIP tvo\u0159\u00ed rodokmenov\u00e1 ko\u0165ata.<\/li>\n
    2. P\u0159edchoz\u00ed ud\u00e1losti: ko\u010dka byla ve stresu kv\u016fli ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 kastraci nebo o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n
    3. Minulost: Ko\u010dka se mohla nakazit FCoV v d\u016fsledku faktor\u016f, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad to, \u017ee poch\u00e1z\u00ed z chovn\u00e9 nebo z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 stanice nebo \u017ee byla ned\u00e1vno sezn\u00e1mena s \u010distokrevn\u00fdm ko\u0165\u00e1tkem nebo ko\u010dkou.<\/li>\n
    4. Mezi klinick\u00e9 ukazatele pat\u0159\u00ed nitroo\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky, anorexie, men\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem potravy ne\u017e obvykle, nep\u0159ib\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed na v\u00e1ze, nep\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed na v\u00e1ze, anorexie a \u017eloutenka.<\/li>\n
    5. Hypergamaglobulinemie; zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd bilirubin bez zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch jatern\u00edch enzym\u016f.<\/li>\n
    6. Lymfopenie s neregenerativn\u00ed, obvykle st\u0159edn\u011b t\u011b\u017ekou an\u00e9mi\u00ed.<\/li>\n
    7. S\u00e9rologie: Vzhledem k vysok\u00e9mu v\u00fdskytu FCoV v chovech a z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch chovech by se tento parametr m\u011bl pou\u017e\u00edvat s opatrnost\u00ed.
      \nKo\u010dka vykazuje vysok\u00fd titr protil\u00e1tek proti FCoV.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Pokud je ko\u010dka s\u00e9ronegativn\u00ed, lze neefektivn\u00ed FIP jako diagn\u00f3zu vylou\u010dit, pokud m\u00e1 test na protil\u00e1tky vysokou citlivost.
      \nVe studii, kter\u00e1 zkoumala n\u011bkolik komer\u010dn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch intern\u00edch test\u016f na protil\u00e1tky proti FCoV, byla prok\u00e1z\u00e1na 100% citlivost testu FCoV Immunocomb (Biogal), rychl\u00e9ho imunochromatografick\u00e9ho testu (RIM) Speed F-Corona (Virbac) a nejrychlej\u0161\u00edho testu RIM na ko\u010di\u010d\u00ed infek\u010dn\u00ed peritonitidu (MegaCor Diagnostic).
      \nVzhledem ke dv\u011bma r\u016fzn\u00fdm hlavn\u00edm typ\u016fm FIP by se majitel\u00e9 ko\u010dek m\u011bli v tomto t\u00e9matu l\u00e9pe orientovat, aby v\u011bd\u011bli, jak v nejhor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sv\u00e9 ko\u010dky l\u00e9pe l\u00e9\u010dit.
      \nPokud se o r\u016fzn\u00fdch typech FIP \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nepou\u010d\u00ed, mohou se poradit se sv\u00fdm veterin\u00e1rn\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159em, aby na\u0161li spr\u00e1vn\u00fd zp\u016fsob l\u00e9\u010dby       FIP<\/a> jejich ko\u010dky<\/a>.<\/p>\n

      O\u010dn\u00ed FIP<\/strong><\/h1>\n

      Tento typ FIP m\u016f\u017ee u ko\u010dek zp\u016fsobit z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 komplikace, proto\u017ee pronik\u00e1 i p\u0159es krevn\u00ed bari\u00e9ru oka.<\/p>\n

      Krevn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed bari\u00e9ra<\/strong> Krevn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed bari\u00e9ra je u ko\u010dek d\u016fle\u017eitou ochrannou bari\u00e9rou proti \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed FIP.
      \nTato bari\u00e9ra je tvo\u0159ena bu\u0148kami, kter\u00e9 vyst\u00fdlaj\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed komoru, a tyto bu\u0148ky zabra\u0148uj\u00ed vniknut\u00ed patogen\u016f do t\u00e9to citliv\u00e9 oblasti a vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011btu.
      \nA\u010dkoli to viru, jako je FCoV, zt\u011b\u017euje p\u0159\u00edstup k o\u010dn\u00edm struktur\u00e1m, p\u0159i chronick\u00e9m z\u00e1n\u011btu m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k po\u0161kozen\u00ed bari\u00e9r.
      \nBylo tak\u00e9 prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee inhibitory prote\u00e1z, jako je GC376, nejsou \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 p\u0159i p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed bari\u00e9ry mezi krv\u00ed a okem, co\u017e je \u010din\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdmi p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy mohou b\u00fdt o\u010dn\u00ed struktury posti\u017eeny FIP.
      \nAby makrof\u00e1gy s virov\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1sticemi mohly proniknout do o\u010dn\u00edch struktur, mus\u00ed nejprve tuto vrstvu p\u0159ekonat; bez \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho pr\u016fchodu ka\u017edou dal\u0161\u00ed vrstvou nem\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k p\u0159enosu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. \u00a0Jak se such\u00e1 FIP vyv\u00edj\u00ed v o\u010dn\u00ed FIP<\/strong> Such\u00e1 FIP je smrteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed forma onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee potenci\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159ej\u00edt v o\u010dn\u00ed FIP p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b u jedn\u00e9 t\u0159etiny ko\u010dek trp\u00edc\u00edch t\u00edmto typem.
      \nP\u0159i okul\u00e1rn\u00ed FIP neboli uveitid\u011b vznikaj\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ze v d\u016fsledku oslaben\u00ed bari\u00e9ry mezi krv\u00ed a okem zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 virem.
      \nTo vede ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 hladin\u011b gluk\u00f3zy, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje otok a z\u00e1n\u011bt o\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

      Neurologick\u00e1 FIP<\/strong><\/h1>\n

      Such\u00e1 FIP se m\u016f\u017ee vyvinout v nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formu FIP, neurologickou FIP.<\/p>\n

      Hematoencefalick\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra<\/strong> Hematoencefalick\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra (BBB) je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 vrstva tvo\u0159en\u00e1 speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi bu\u0148kami, kter\u00e9 lemuj\u00ed st\u011bny drobn\u00fdch c\u00e9v v mozku a jeho okol\u00ed.
      \nTato mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b t\u011bsn\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i ochran\u011b na\u0161eho centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu p\u0159ed po\u0161kozen\u00edm t\u00edm, \u017ee blokuje potenci\u00e1ln\u011b toxick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky cirkuluj\u00edc\u00ed krevn\u00edm \u0159e\u010di\u0161t\u011bm, v\u010detn\u011b syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch toxin\u016f.
      \nNen\u00ed proto p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9, \u017ee pokud je tato bari\u00e9ra naru\u0161ena v d\u016fsledku r\u016fzn\u00fdch stav\u016f nebo infek\u010dn\u00edch agens, m\u016f\u017eeme b\u00fdt sv\u011bdky neurologick\u00fdch poruch, k jak\u00fdm m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt v d\u016fsledku FIP.
      \nFIP, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje intenzivn\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011btlivou reakci kolem c\u00e9v v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b mozku, je b\u011b\u017enou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou zodpov\u011bdnou za 45-50 % v\u0161ech p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s infekc\u00ed vyvolan\u00fdmi neurologick\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi u ko\u010dek.
      \nJin\u00fdmi slovy, ztr\u00e1ta tohoto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00edtu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it jejich riziko vzniku neurologick\u00fdch komplikac\u00ed vznikl\u00fdch v d\u016fsledku infekce FIPV a m\u011bla by z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro terapeutick\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy. \u00a0Jak se such\u00e1 FIP vyv\u00edj\u00ed v neurologickou FIP<\/strong> Such\u00e1 FIP m\u016f\u017ee v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech p\u0159ej\u00edt do dal\u0161\u00edho stadia neurologick\u00e9 FIP.
      \nHustota a proliferace cirkuluj\u00edc\u00edch b\u00edl\u00fdch krvinek a monocyt\u016f se s postupuj\u00edc\u00ed suchou FIP zvy\u0161uje.
      \nTyto bu\u0148ky se trvale dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do mozkom\u00ed\u0161n\u00edho moku, a\u017e vznikne z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fd stav, kter\u00fd vede k neurologick\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed.
      \nNeurologick\u00e1 FIP postihuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m ko\u010dky, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edznaky jsou t\u0159es, pot\u00ed\u017ee s ch\u016fz\u00ed (ataxie), du\u0161evn\u00ed zmatenost a agresivn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Ko\u010di\u010d\u00ed infek\u010dn\u00ed peritonitida (FIP) je \u010dast\u00e9 a smrteln\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ko\u010dek. Nejen, \u017ee m\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e jednu variantu a m\u016f\u017ee ko\u010dku postihnout r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku si pov\u00edme o r\u016fzn\u00fdch typech FIP, kter\u00e9 se mohou projevit. Typy FIP ko\u010dek FIP se m\u016f\u017ee projevovat t\u0159emi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby: vlhkou, efuzivn\u00ed, exsudativn\u00ed formou, suchou, granulomat\u00f3zn\u00ed, parenchymat\u00f3zn\u00ed, neefuzivn\u00ed formou […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":22272,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_glsr_average":0,"_glsr_ranking":0,"_glsr_reviews":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[849],"tags":[850,851],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22271"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22271"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22271\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29243,"href":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22271\/revisions\/29243"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22271"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fipmed.co\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}